Encryption software acts as a defensive shieldes in the digital world, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access. Encryption software converts files and plain text into a format that is not readable by humans. This software transforms readable text into an incomprehensible format known as encrypted text or ciphertext. After encryption, the file must be decrypted in order to be read.
How does encryption software function?
Data is transformed into encrypted text through the process of encryption, which utilizes a cipher (an encryption technique) and an encryption key. Once the encrypted text is transmitted to the recipient, a key is used to decrypt it back to its original form.
For symmetric encryption, the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, while for asymmetric encryption, a different but related key is employed. Due to the similarity between encryption keys and physical keys, only users who possess the appropriate key can “unlock” or decrypt the encrypted data.
The famous encryption method for protecting files or data
The types of keys used, the size of the encrypted data blocks, and the length of the encryption key all affect the encryption process.
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Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
The symmetric encryption algorithm known as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encrypts data in 128-bit blocks. The keys used for encrypting these blocks of data can have lengths of 128, 192, or 256 bits. A 256-bit key requires 14 rounds of encryption, a 192-bit key requires 12 rounds, and a 128-bit key requires 10 rounds. Each round consists of various stages, including substitution, permutation, mixing of the plaintext, and other operations.
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Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES)
The Data Encryption Standard (DES) employs a method that encrypts data blocks using a 56-bit key and utilizes a symmetric encryption technique known as Triple DES. In Triple DES, each data block is encrypted three times using the DES encryption method.
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Format-Preserving Encryption (FPE)
The process of format-preserving encryption (FPE) is a symmetric method that maintains the format and length of your data while encrypting it. FPE can be used to secure cloud management tools and software.
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Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)
A newer form of public key cryptography, known as elliptic curve cryptography, is stronger than RSA encryption. This type of cryptography is faster because it uses shorter keys. Due to its asymmetric nature, it can be employed in SSL/TLS protocols to enhance the security of your web communications.
Advantages of Cryptographic Software
This technology significantly increases the difficulty for hackers to steal data. Below are some benefits of encryption technology:
Implementing encryption is cost-effective
Many Android and iPhone smartphones come equipped with various encryption capabilities, and numerous encryption tools are available for free download. For instance, LastPass, a free password manager, encrypts passwords and stores them online. Additionally, a browser extension called HTTPS Everywhere enhances web browsing security.
Protecting remote employees with encryption
To prevent hackers from intercepting unsecured communications on public Wi-Fi networks and spreading malware, all confidential data should be encrypted. Remote employees should also use Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) for added security.
Improving data integrity through encryption
Since data is constantly changing, using encryption does not guarantee that our data integrity is maintained while at rest. However, it can help verify the integrity of our backups. We can also maintain the integrity of our data during transmission by using digital signatures. This approach prevents hackers from eavesdropping on conversations and altering data, as the recipient can easily verify its authenticity.
Ensuring compliance with regulations
Compliance with regulations is crucial, as many sectors within IT must adhere to laws regarding the storage, management, and transfer of data established by legal entities, insurance companies, and organizations. One of the most reliable methods for a business to send and maintain data while complying with these regulations is through the use of encryption.
